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chimeric gene
Chimeric genes (literally, made of parts from different sources) form through the combination of portions of one or more coding sequences to produce new genes. These mutations are distinct from fusion genes which merge whole gene sequences into a single reading frame and often retain their original functions.
==Formation==
Chimeric genes can form through several different means. Many chimeric genes form through errors in DNA replication or DNA repair so that pieces of two different genes are inadvertently combined.〔Rogers, RL, Bedford, T and Hartl DL. "Formation and Longevity of Chimeric and Duplicat Genes in ''Drosphila''". ''Genetics''. 181: 313-322.〕 Chimeric genes can also form through retrotransposition where a retrotransposon accidentally copies the transcript of a gene and inserts it into the genome in a new location. Depending on where the new retrogene appears, it can recruit new exons to produce a chimeric gene. Finally, ectopic recombination, when there is an exchange between portions of the genome that are not actually related, can also produce chimeric genes. This process occurs often in human genomes, and abnormal chimeras formed by this process are known to cause color blindness.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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